Strayer Intro to Part 4 Due 1/16/20
I. The Early Modern World 1450-1750
A. The Big Picture: Debating the Character of an Era
1. Historians summarize period of time such as age of empires or age of First Civilization, but it leaves a lot out.
B. An Early Modern Era?
1. Early Modern Era - genuine globalization, elements of modern society, growing European presence in world affairs.
2. European conquest, explorations, and colonial settlement in Americas. Atlantic slave trade linked Africa permanently to the W. Hemisphere, global silver trade allowed Europeans to buy Asian trade routes, transfer of plants, animals, diseases, and people known as Columbian exchange, Missionaries carried Christianity beyond Europe, Russia to Siberia, Ottoman Empire encompassed much of Middle East, N. Africa, and S.E. Europe.
3. Cultural development in Europe, Scientific Revolution changed approach to knowledge and understand of traditional Christianity. China, Japan, India, and Europe experience modern population growth after recovery from Black Death and Mongol wars. Food of Americas (corn and potatoes) provided nutrition support for large numbers. World population doubled from 1400-1800. Highly commercialized economies centered in large cities.
4. "Stronger and more cohesive states represented yet another global pattern as they incorporated various local societies into larger units while actively promoting trade, manufacturing, and a common culture within their borders" (Strayer, 548). Gunpowder revolution.
C. A Late Agrarian Era?
1. The above developments give notion to an early modern era.
2. Europeans ruled Americas and controlled world's sea routes. 18th Century China and Japan controlled European missionaries/merchants who operated in their societies. African authorities set terms of slave trade. Islam was rapidly spreading in Asia and Africa. 1750 Europe, India and China were comparable in manufacturing output.
3. Animal/human muscles, wind, water provided energy that powered human economies. Long established elites provided leadership and enjoyed privileges. Rural peasants were the primary social group in lower classes. Kings governed. Female subordination was assumed natural everywhere.
4. "Most of the world's peoples, in fact, continued to live in long-established ways, and their societies operated according to traditional principles" (Strayer, 549). Hinduism in India, Confucianism in China, and Islam in the Ottoman Empire.
5. In European, Islamic, and Chinese societies alike, some urged a return to living and thinking as in previous times instead of trying a new way.
6. Chapter 13 features European, Middle Eastern, and Asian empires. New global patterns in trade of spices, sugar, silver, fur, and slaves emerges in Chapter 14. New cultural trends in religion and modern science emerge in Chapter 15.
A. The Big Picture: Debating the Character of an Era
1. Historians summarize period of time such as age of empires or age of First Civilization, but it leaves a lot out.
B. An Early Modern Era?
1. Early Modern Era - genuine globalization, elements of modern society, growing European presence in world affairs.
2. European conquest, explorations, and colonial settlement in Americas. Atlantic slave trade linked Africa permanently to the W. Hemisphere, global silver trade allowed Europeans to buy Asian trade routes, transfer of plants, animals, diseases, and people known as Columbian exchange, Missionaries carried Christianity beyond Europe, Russia to Siberia, Ottoman Empire encompassed much of Middle East, N. Africa, and S.E. Europe.
3. Cultural development in Europe, Scientific Revolution changed approach to knowledge and understand of traditional Christianity. China, Japan, India, and Europe experience modern population growth after recovery from Black Death and Mongol wars. Food of Americas (corn and potatoes) provided nutrition support for large numbers. World population doubled from 1400-1800. Highly commercialized economies centered in large cities.
4. "Stronger and more cohesive states represented yet another global pattern as they incorporated various local societies into larger units while actively promoting trade, manufacturing, and a common culture within their borders" (Strayer, 548). Gunpowder revolution.
C. A Late Agrarian Era?
1. The above developments give notion to an early modern era.
2. Europeans ruled Americas and controlled world's sea routes. 18th Century China and Japan controlled European missionaries/merchants who operated in their societies. African authorities set terms of slave trade. Islam was rapidly spreading in Asia and Africa. 1750 Europe, India and China were comparable in manufacturing output.
3. Animal/human muscles, wind, water provided energy that powered human economies. Long established elites provided leadership and enjoyed privileges. Rural peasants were the primary social group in lower classes. Kings governed. Female subordination was assumed natural everywhere.
4. "Most of the world's peoples, in fact, continued to live in long-established ways, and their societies operated according to traditional principles" (Strayer, 549). Hinduism in India, Confucianism in China, and Islam in the Ottoman Empire.
5. In European, Islamic, and Chinese societies alike, some urged a return to living and thinking as in previous times instead of trying a new way.
6. Chapter 13 features European, Middle Eastern, and Asian empires. New global patterns in trade of spices, sugar, silver, fur, and slaves emerges in Chapter 14. New cultural trends in religion and modern science emerge in Chapter 15.
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